{"id":2579,"date":"2010-07-21T18:46:31","date_gmt":"2010-07-21T18:46:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/2010\/07\/21\/pierre-joseph-proudhon\/"},"modified":"2010-07-21T18:46:31","modified_gmt":"2010-07-21T18:46:31","slug":"pierre-joseph-proudhon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/2010\/07\/21\/pierre-joseph-proudhon\/","title":{"rendered":"Pierre-Joseph Proudhon"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pdfprnt-buttons pdfprnt-buttons-post pdfprnt-top-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2579?print=pdf\" class=\"pdfprnt-button pdfprnt-button-pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-print\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"image_pdf\" title=\"Afficher le PDF\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2579?print=print\" class=\"pdfprnt-button pdfprnt-button-print\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-print\/images\/print.png\" alt=\"image_print\" title=\"Contenu imprim\u00e9\"><\/a><\/div><p>Prou\u00addhon naquit \u00e0 Besan\u00ad\u00e7on le 15 jan\u00advier 1809. Il est mort \u00e0 Paris, au 10 de la rue de Pas\u00adsy, le 19 jan\u00advier 1865. Il \u00e9tait l\u2019ai\u00adn\u00e9 de cinq enfants. Ses parents \u00e9taient pauvres. Son p\u00e8re \u00e9tait ton\u00adne\u00adlier, sa m\u00e8re cui\u00adsi\u00adni\u00e8re. Lui, petit bou\u00advier dans son enfance jus\u00adqu\u2019en 1820, o\u00f9 il entra, apr\u00e8s P\u00e2ques, au col\u00adl\u00e8ge de Besan\u00ad\u00e7on pour y res\u00adter jus\u00adqu\u2019en&nbsp;1826.<\/p>\n<p>En 1827, il devint typo\u00adgraphe et assu\u00adra la sub\u00adsis\u00adtance de sa famille.<\/p>\n<p>Puis, plus tard, il devint prote&nbsp;; en cette qua\u00adli\u00adt\u00e9, tout en \u00e9tu\u00addiant les phi\u00adlo\u00adsophes, il apprit le latin, le grec et l\u2019h\u00e9breu.<\/p>\n<p>Enfin, en 1840, un coup de canon for\u00admi\u00addable le fit conna\u00eetre en Europe par son fameux m\u00e9moire \u00ab&nbsp;La pro\u00adpri\u00e9\u00adt\u00e9, c\u2019est le vol&nbsp;\u00bb, o\u00f9 l\u2019i\u00add\u00e9e de jus\u00adtice, qui n\u2019est autre que celle de l\u2019\u00e9\u00adga\u00adli\u00adt\u00e9 des condi\u00adtions, \u00e9clate dans chaque feuillet. \u00ab&nbsp;Qu\u2019il soit lu, \u00e9crit-il \u00e0 son ami le savant lin\u00adguiste Berg\u00admann, et c\u2019en est fait de la vieille soci\u00e9t\u00e9.&nbsp;\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>En 1841, lettre \u00e0 M.&nbsp;Blan\u00adqui, pro\u00adfes\u00adseur d\u2019\u00e9\u00adco\u00adno\u00admie poli\u00adtique au Conser\u00adva\u00adtoire des Arts et M\u00e9tiers, sur la pro\u00adpri\u00e9\u00adt\u00e9&nbsp;; en 1842, un \u00ab&nbsp;aver\u00adtis\u00adse\u00adment aux pro\u00adpri\u00e9\u00adtaires&nbsp;\u00bb lui valut de pas\u00adser en cour d\u2019as\u00adsises&nbsp;; il fut acquit\u00adt\u00e9. En 1845, \u00ab&nbsp;De la cr\u00e9a\u00adtion de l\u2019ordre dans l\u2019hu\u00adma\u00adni\u00adt\u00e9, ou prin\u00adcipe d\u2019or\u00adga\u00adni\u00adsa\u00adtion poli\u00adtique&nbsp;\u00bb. 1848&nbsp;: les articles de jour\u00adnaux \u00e9crits par Prou\u00addhon au temps de la II<supe> R\u00e9pu\u00adblique dans le \u00ab&nbsp;Repr\u00e9\u00adsen\u00adtant du Peuple&nbsp;\u00bb, le \u00ab&nbsp;Peuple&nbsp;\u00bb, la \u00ab&nbsp;Voix du Peuple&nbsp;\u00bb, le \u00ab&nbsp;Peuple de&nbsp;1850&nbsp;\u00bb.<\/supe><\/p>\n<p>Il serait fas\u00adti\u00addieux d\u2019\u00e9\u00adnu\u00adm\u00e9\u00adrer ici toute la pro\u00adduc\u00adtion de Prou\u00addhon. tant en livres qu\u2019en articles de jour\u00adnaux, qui ne s\u2019ar\u00adr\u00eate qu\u2019en 1864. Nul n\u2019a pro\u00adduit autant d\u2019\u0153uvres vari\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019a\u00addresse du monde du tra\u00advail. L\u2019in\u00adfluence mar\u00adquante que cet anar\u00adchiste a exer\u00adc\u00e9e sur son \u00e9poque \u00e0 abou\u00adti \u00e0 la Conf\u00e9\u00add\u00e9\u00adra\u00adtion G\u00e9n\u00e9\u00adrale du Tra\u00advail pre\u00admi\u00e8re mani\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p>En 1846, il cor\u00adres\u00adpon\u00addait avec Karl Marx, fon\u00adda\u00adteur (avec Engels) du socia\u00adlisme d\u2019\u00c9tat. D\u00e8s cette p\u00e9riode, la d\u00e9mar\u00adca\u00adtion se fit entre le socia\u00adliste \u00e9ta\u00adtiste qu\u2019\u00e9\u00adtait Karl Marx et le f\u00e9d\u00e9\u00adra\u00adliste anti\u00adau\u00adto\u00adri\u00adtaire qu\u2019\u00e9\u00adtait Prou\u00addhon. Ce qui fai\u00adsait dire \u00e0 ce der\u00adnier, dans une lettre qu\u2019il adres\u00adsait \u00e0 son contradicteur&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab&nbsp;Cher\u00adchons ensemble, si vous vou\u00adlez, les lois de la soci\u00e9\u00adt\u00e9, le mode dont ces lois se r\u00e9a\u00adlisent&nbsp;; le pro\u00adgr\u00e8s sui\u00advant lequel nous par\u00adve\u00adnons \u00e0 les d\u00e9cou\u00advrir&nbsp;; mais, pour Dieu&nbsp;! apr\u00e8s avoir d\u00e9mo\u00adli tous les dog\u00adma\u00adtismes \u00ab&nbsp;a prio\u00adri&nbsp;\u00bb, ne son\u00adgeons point \u00e0 notre tour \u00e0 endoc\u00adtri\u00adner le peuple.&nbsp;\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>C\u2019est au cours de la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode que Prou\u00addhon \u00e9cri\u00advait sa \u00ab&nbsp;Phi\u00adlo\u00adso\u00adphie de la mis\u00e8re&nbsp;\u00bb, \u00e0 laquelle Marx r\u00e9pon\u00addit par sa \u00ab&nbsp;Mis\u00e8re de la phi\u00adlo\u00adso\u00adphie&nbsp;\u00bb. La doc\u00adtrine anar\u00adchiste \u00e9tait n\u00e9e. Le mar\u00adxisme aus\u00adsi. Et c\u2019est au sein de la I<sup>re<\/sup> Inter\u00adna\u00adtio\u00adnale que les deux th\u00e8ses com\u00admen\u00adc\u00e8rent \u00e0 se heur\u00adter vio\u00adlem\u00adment, l\u2019une sou\u00adte\u00adnue par Marx, l\u2019autre par Bakounine.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019in\u00adfluence de Prou\u00addhon demeure consi\u00add\u00e9\u00adrable, m\u00eame de nos jours. Nous ne pr\u00e9\u00adten\u00addons point que les \u0153uvres de ce pr\u00e9\u00adcur\u00adseur doivent aujourd\u2019\u00adhui \u00eatre prises \u00e0 la lettre. Il faut, pour en com\u00adprendre le sens et en juger la por\u00adt\u00e9e, se repor\u00adter \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9\u00adpoque o\u00f9 elles furent \u00e9crites.<\/p>\n<p>La Grande R\u00e9vo\u00adlu\u00adtion de 1789 avait d\u00e9truit la f\u00e9o\u00adda\u00adli\u00adt\u00e9, mais en m\u00eame temps elle avait don\u00adn\u00e9 le jour au cen\u00adtra\u00adlisme \u00e9ta\u00adtique. C\u2019est Prou\u00addhon qui, le pre\u00admier, jette le cri d\u2019a\u00adlarme contre les dan\u00adgers de cette cen\u00adtra\u00adli\u00adsa\u00adtion de l\u2019au\u00adto\u00adri\u00adt\u00e9. C\u2019est dans ses \u00e9crits que Bakou\u00adnine pui\u00adse\u00adra la s\u00e8ve d\u2019un f\u00e9d\u00e9\u00adra\u00adlisme qu\u2019il sau\u00adra rendre plus facile \u00e0 divul\u00adguer. Les th\u00e9o\u00adri\u00adciens qui sui\u00advront adap\u00adte\u00adront la doc\u00adtrine aux d\u00e9rou\u00adle\u00adments de l\u2019his\u00adtoire, mais tous revien\u00addront \u00e0 la source du f\u00e9d\u00e9\u00adra\u00adlisme pour lui gar\u00adder toute sa pure\u00adt\u00e9. Cette source, c\u2019est Proudhon.<\/p>\n<p>Et c\u2019est avec rai\u00adson que lorsque Pierre Kro\u00adpot\u00adkine fut jug\u00e9 \u00e0 Lyon en jan\u00advier 1883, comme le pr\u00e9\u00adsident du tri\u00adbu\u00adnal lui repro\u00adchait d\u2019a\u00advoir don\u00adn\u00e9 nais\u00adsance \u00e0 l\u2019a\u00adnar\u00adchie, r\u00e9pon\u00addit sim\u00adple\u00adment&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;C\u2019est me faire trop d\u2019hon\u00adneur&nbsp;; le p\u00e8re de l\u2019a\u00adnar\u00adchie, c\u2019est l\u2019im\u00admor\u00adtel Proudhon.&nbsp;\u00bb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prou\u00addhon naquit \u00e0 Besan\u00ad\u00e7on le 15 jan\u00advier 1809. Il est mort \u00e0 Paris, au 10 de la rue de Pas\u00adsy, le 19 jan\u00advier 1865. Il \u00e9tait l\u2019ai\u00adn\u00e9 de cinq enfants. Ses parents \u00e9taient pauvres. Son p\u00e8re \u00e9tait ton\u00adne\u00adlier, sa m\u00e8re cui\u00adsi\u00adni\u00e8re. Lui, petit bou\u00advier dans son enfance jus\u00adqu\u2019en 1820, o\u00f9 il entra, apr\u00e8s P\u00e2ques, au&nbsp;[\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[310],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[540],"class_list":["post-2579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-le-libertaire-na10-20-septembre-1945"],"authors":[{"term_id":540,"user_id":1,"is_guest":0,"slug":"admin_3gikpwyf","display_name":"Vincent Dubuc","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d015720652c25fd2ced191ade86430094e1f288a17483713e3b34d26dea52507?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","user_url":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net","last_name":"Dubuc","first_name":"Vincent","job_title":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2579","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2579"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2579\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2579"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2579"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2579"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/la-presse-anarchiste.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2579"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}